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English is a rich language, having largest vocabulary. How the English Language has derived this great wealth. Actually, many languages of the world have contributed to the kitty of Modern English.

It will be interesting to see how the oldest surviving language and perhaps greatest language of the world, Sanskrit has contributed to the rich depository of English.

In majority of cases, the words did not go to English, but through some other language after being modified in this process.

To understand this journey, we have kept following sequence for each word-

Original Sanskrit Word-Transitional Word in Latin(L) / Greek(G) / Arabic(A)-

Final Word as being used in Modern English, after being derived

Gau (meaning Cow) Bous (G) Cow

Matr (meaning Mother) Mater (L) Mother

Jan (meaning Generation) Genea (G) Gene

Aksha (meaning Axis) Axon (G) Axis

Navagatha (meaning Navigation) Navigationem (L) Navigation

Sarpa (meaning Snake) Serpentem (L) Serpent

Naas (means Nose) Nasus (L) Nose

Anamika (means Anonymous) Anonymos (G) Anonymous

Naama (means Name) Nomen (L) Name

Manu (means First Human) ?? Man/Men/Human

Ashta (meaning Eight) Octo (L) Eight

Barbara (meaning Foreign) Barbaria (L) Barbarian

Dhama (meaning House) Domus (L) Domicile

Danta (meaning Teeth) Dentis (L) Dental

Dwar (meaning Door) Doru Door

Dasha (meaning Ten) Deca (G) Deca

Madhyam (meaning Medium) Medium (L) Medium

Kaal (meaning Time) Kalendae (L) Calendar

Kri (meaning To Do) Creatus (L) Create

Mishra (meaning Mix) Mixtus (L) Mix

Ma (meaning Me/My) Me (L) Me

Pithr (meaning Father) Pater (L) Father

Bhrathr (meaning Brother) Phrater (G) Brother

Loka (meaning Place) Locus (L) Locale

Maha (meaning Great) Magnus (L) Mega

Mala (meaning Dirt/Bad) Malus (L) Mal as in Malicious, Malnutrition, Malformed etc

Makshikaa (meaning Bee) Musca (L) (Meaning Fly) Mosquito

Mrta (meaning Dead) Mortis (L) Murder

Na (meaning No) Ne No

Nakta (meaning Night) Nocturnalis (L) Nocturnal

Paad (meaning Foot) Pedis (L) Ped as in Pedestrial, Pedal etc

Pancha (meaning Five) Pente (G) Penta, Five

Parah (meaning Remote) Pera (G) Far

Patha (meaning Path) Pathes (G) Path

Raja / Raya (meaning King) Regalis (L) Royal

Sama (meaning Similar) Similis (L) Similar

Sapta (meaning Seven) Septum (L) Seven

Sharkara (meaning Sugar) Succarum Sugar / Sucrose

Smi (meaning Smile) Smilen (L) Smile

SthaH (meaning Situated) Stare (L) (meaning To Stand) Stay

Svaad (meaning Tasty) Suavis (L) Sweet

Tha (meaning That) Talis (L) That

Tva (meaning Thee) Dih Thee

Vachas (meaning Speech) Vocem (L) Voice

Vahaami (meaning Carry) Vehere (meaning to Carry) (L) Vehicle

Vama / Vamati (meaning Vomit) Vomere (L) Vomit

Vastr (meaning Cloth) Vestire (L) Vest

Yauvana (meaning Youth) Juvenilis (L) Juvenile

Narangi (meaning Orange) Naranj Orange

Pippali (meaning Pepper) Piperi (G) Pepper

Chandana (meaning Sandalwood) Santalon (G) Sandalwood

Chandra (meaning Moon) Candela (L) (meaning light / torch) Candle

Chatur (meaning Four) Quartus (L) Quarter

Shunya (meaning Zero) Cipher (A) Zero

a (prefix meaning .not. ex: gochara . agochara) a (L)(G) (prefix meaning .not.) a (prefix meaning .not. ex: theiest-atheist

an (prefix meaning .not. ex: avashya . anavashya) un (L)(G) (prefix meaning .not.) un (prefix meaning .not. ex: do-undo

Arjuna (meaning Charm of Silver) Argentinum (L) Argentinum . Scientific Name of Silver

Nava (meaning New) Novus (L) Nova . New

Kafa (meaning Mucus) Coughen Cough

Mithya (meaning Lie) Mythos (G) Myth

Thri (meaning Three) Treis (G) Three

Mush (meaning Mouse) Mus (L) Mouse

Maragadum (meaning Emerald) Smaragdus (L) Emerald

Ghritam (meaning Ghee) ?? Ghee

Srgalah (meaning Jackal) Shagal (Persian) Jackal

Nila (meaning Dark Blue) Nilak (Persian) Lilac

Srgalah Shagal (Persian) Jackal

Man (Ma as in Malaysia) (meaning Mind) Mens (L) Mind

Upalah (meaning Precious Stone) Opalus (L) Opal

Vrihis (meaning Rice) Oriza (L) Rice

Upalah (meaning Precious Stone) Opalus (L) Opal

 



Contribution of Sanskrit into Development of English

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